Programmer's End

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Deadlock is a situation where a set of processes are blocked because each process is holding a resource and waiting for another resource acquired by some other process. There are 4 conditions necessary for the occurrence of a deadlock. 1. Mutual Exclusion: When two people meet in the landings, they can’t just walk through because there is space only for one person. This condition to allow only one person (or process) to use the step between them (or the resource) is the first condition necessary for the occurrence of the deadlock. 2. Hold and Wait: When the 2 people refuse to retreat and hold their grounds, it is called holding. This is the next necessary condition for the deadlock. 3. No Preemption: For resolving the deadlock one can simply cancel one of the processes for others to continue. But the Operating System doesn’t do so. It allocates the resources to the processors for as much time as needed until the task is completed. Hence, there is no temporary reallocation of resources....

DEFINITION:  Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling or staying asleep.  The condition can short-term (acute) or can last a long time (chronic). It may also come and go.  Acute insomnia lasts from 1 (one) night to a few weeks. Insomnia is chronic when it happens at last 3 (three) nights a week for 3 (three) months or more. CHARACTERISTICS: ·         Difficulty falling asleep at night. ·        Waking up during the night. ·        Waking up too early. ·        Not feeling well-rested after a night's  sleep . ·        Daytime tiredness or sleepiness. ·        Irritability, depression, or anxiety. ·        Difficulty paying attention, focusing on tasks or remembering. ·        Inc...

DEFINITION: The definition of Machine Learning(ML) in simple words is that " To give Computer ability to learn for experiences without being explicitly programmed ". What ML actually mean is :                                          (lol 😂) BREAKDOWN OF KEYWORDS: There are two keywords which are ' learn from experiences ' and the second one is ' explicitly programmed '. So what is the meaning of those two words first is ' learn from experiences ', that is if you are doing something (habitual), you need to practice (train), we need to make computers do the same like to train in a football ground! 😂 Hell no! learn from its statistical interference, and the second keyword was that 'explicitly programmed', which we do in programming and coding we make our pc to perform some task by commands, which we don't do it here,  The way we try to unders...

Hey! Computer Geeks! Here we will discuss two or more special numbers that made the way of coding easy, Introduction to Catalan Numbers: The Catalan numbers are a sequence of positive integers that appear in many counting problems in combinatorics. They count certain types of lattice paths, permutations, binary trees, and many other combinatorial objects. They satisfy a fundamental recurrence relation and have a closed-form formula in terms of binomial coefficients. The Catalan number Cn describes, among other things: The number of binary trees with n nodes, The number of ways in which parentheses can be placed in a sequence of n+ 1 numbers to be multiplied two at a time, The number of well-formed reverse Polish expressions with n operands and n + 1 operators, The number of paths in a grid from (0, 0) to (n, n), increasing just one coordinate by one at each step, without crossing the main diagonal,  The number of n-bit sequences that the number of 1s never exceeds the n...

1. Construct CFG for the following Languages: a) Set of all binary strings where number of 0’s are greater than number of 1’s. 2. Prove that the following CFGs are ambiguous: a) 𝑆 → 𝑎𝑆𝑏 | 𝑆𝑆| 𝜖 b) 𝑆 → 𝑆𝑎𝑆 |𝑆𝑏𝑆 |𝑐 c) 𝑆 → 𝑎𝐵 | 𝑎𝑏, 𝐴 → 𝑎𝐴𝐵|𝑎, 𝐵 → 𝐴𝐵𝑏 |𝑏 3. Convert the following CFGs into their equivalent Chomsky Normal Form: a) 𝑆 → 𝐵𝑆𝐵 | 𝐵 𝜖, 𝐵 → 00 𝜖 b) 𝑆 → 𝑏𝐴 |𝑎𝐵 , 𝐴 → 𝑏𝐴𝐴|𝑎𝑆 𝑎 , 𝐵 → 𝑎𝐵𝐵 | 𝑏𝑆 | b For Solutions Click in the Download Button: Download Solutions

HTML BASICS HTML: Hypertext Markup Language. Used to create web pages. World Wide Web Consortium is an organization that defines new specifications for HTML and is responsible to update the language. HTML allows you to format, arrange, and group text, display text as links and add images and multimedia to a web page. It allows you to create and work with style sheets, controls, and embedded scripting language code (such as JAVA, PHP,) on a web page. HTML is written in the form of tags, which are by pairs of angle brackets (< and >) and some text placed between these brackets. HTML consists of elements name attribute name and contents. HTML tags, elements, and attributes are collectively known as HTML markup. (However <br> and <hr> do not have any content, therefore they do not need closing tag). < element-name attribute-name = ”attribute-vaue” > content </element_name> Most of the HTML attributes are name-value pa...